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Engineering Developments

ENHANCEMENTS                                                    DEVELOPMENTS

ULTRADAS                                                                 NAOMI

COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADE    INGRID

WHT MILLENNIUM UPGRADE                             LASER GUIDE STAR STUDY

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CCD PROCUREMENT

ENHANCEMENTS

The following projects are funded by the joint PPARC/NWO budget and are being undertaken by ING engineering groups, sometimes in collaboration or with assistance from outside institutions.

For further information from ING staff see the Engineering Contacts page.

ULTRADAS

The ULTRADAS project embraces the production of a new data acquisition system (DAS), and its implementation for all science detectors at ING using the San Diego State University SDSU-2 CCD controller. Principle gains from the project are faster readout speed, and improved reliability  - from both the DAS system and CCD controller - together with reduced maintenance requirements.  The system will ultimately use a PCI interface between the CCD controller and DAS computer, however due to delivery delays is initially being implemented using an S-BUS card.  With the S-BUS interface the system produces typically a threefold decrease in un-windowed readout cycle time over previous ING systems, with the PCI interface this will improve to sixfold, potentially offering an overall 5% increase in overall telescope observing time.

The project is currently being expanded to include Infra-Red detectors in support of INGRID, and eventually the LIRIS spectrograph being developed by the IAC. ULTRADAS has been commissioned on the INT Wide Field Camera and WHT Prime Focus 4Kx4K 2 Chip Mosaic. The commissioning programme for the remaining ING detectors and focal stations is now being planned, with rollout during 2000 expected and completion by the end of 2001.

COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADES

To be added

 
WHT MILLENIUM UPGRADE

The ING have embarked on a comprehensive upgrade of the William Herschel Telescope involving replacing and enhancing many systems.  This programme embraces a number of projects and all engineering groups are contributing.  This directly supports the NAOMI and INGRID projects but also brings performance and reliability improvements to the WHT in support of other instruments. Previous improvements include an Alpha computer based Telescope Control System (TCS), the introduction of 4kx2k EEV-42 detectors and improved dome seeing through oil cooling.

The programme includes:

·        New Observatory Control System to replace the existing Instrument Control System for improved performance, ease of maintenance and development, further increased commonality between subsystems and reduced maintenance costs.  Initially the system will support ULTRADAS for faster CCD readout, and the implementation of the 4kx4k two chip EEV-42 mosaic for use at prime focus and on UES.  Instrument control will then be implemented sub-system by sub-system using DRAMA and EPICS(channel access) with appropriate mimic displays until all focal stations and instruments are converted.  This project will build on basic control to provide more complex modes of observing - such as automatic guide star acquisition.  Finally it will provide an efficient queue-observing tool to automate service observing.

·        New Autoguider.  This will be a DRAMA based system similar to the reliable INT system.  This autoguider will replace the existing FORTH based system that runs on unreliable, obsolete and irreplaceable hardware.

·        New acquisition TV system will replace the existing, failing system with a modern supportable system that offers improved performance.  Initially implemented as a stand-alone system the ultimate aim is to integrate with other telescope systems.

·        Faster CCD readout through the ULTRADAS system.

·        A new UNIX based Guide star server will be implemented.  This work has been placed at the UKATC and it is expected it will be based on the porting of an existing system.

·        The above improvements will remove several obsolete, failing and unsupportable systems, including the network interface units (NIUs) and Data Management System (DMS) both dependent on bespoke hardware and software and both the causes of much lost time while requiring a large support effort.

·        Improvements to GHRIL for NAOMI which include:

·        Reducing telescope vibration by tuning and modifying the oil damping system with extra dampers near to the bearing surfaces.

·        A new cooling system with glycol lines routed through the telescope to an external heat exchanger.  This system was installed and operated for the last ELECTRA run, it still requires final commissioning and its planned extension to the UES cooler - thus removing a further source of vibration in the telescope structure and heat within the dome.  

·        A new optical bench for NAOMI.  The previous two ELECTRA runs identified that the original, although adequate for other instruments was insufficiently damped for NAOMI and so will be replaced.

·        Improved access for instruments, including NAOMI through a roof hatch.

·        Improvements to GHRILL seeing by re-coating and adding CaF2 windows to the infrared de-rotator.  The windows will prevent airflow through the unit eliminating turbulence in the light path and stopping the deposition of dust on the reflecting surfaces.  Also airflow within the optical bench room will be studied in an effort to understand and improve local seeing.

·        Investigation of glitches in the telescope tracking/positioning seen by ELECTRA

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CCD PROCUREMENT

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DEVELOPMENTS

The following projects and are individually funded by PPARC and are being undertaken by various collaborations as identified against each project.

For further information from ING engineering staff see the Engineering Contacts page.

NAOMI

NAOMI is a PPARC funded natural guide star adaptive optics system being developed for the WHT by a collaboration between the Durham University and the UKATC.  This is a common user system and will be located in the Nasmyth focus Ground based High Resolution Imaging Laboratory (GHRIL).

The initial science detector for NAOMI is the near infrared camera INGRID

The ING are assisting in the NAOMI project especially in the preparation of the WHT telescope and systems to support NAOMI including improvements to telescope pointing, reduction of vibration, computer infrastructure and software upgrades incorporated in the WHT Millennium Upgrade

Further information is available from a description of NAOMI and the NAOMI home page

INGRID

INGRID is a PPARC funded near infrared imaging camera, being developed for use on the WHT in stand alone mode at folded Cassegrain focus and as the NAOMI science detector at Nasmyth.  The camera uses a 1024x1024 HAWAII array HgCdTe detector that can be cryogenically cooled either with liquid nitrogen or a helium closed cycle cooler.  Principle engineering features of the instrument are three cryogenic filter/pupilstop wheels, the deployable pupil imager for alignment.

INGRID was designed and manufactured by the now defunct Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO), Cambridge.  After the closure of the RGO, ING with assistance from the UKATC and IAC) took on the responsibility for finishing the engineering work, testing, scientific validation and commissioning  of INGRID.  Key stages carried out at ING are design, manufacture and optical alignment of the high tolerance main lens holders and characterisation of the science array.  Production of the INGRID support software has also been undertaken by ING.  

Further information is available from the INGRID homepage

LASER GUIDE STAR STUDY

Currently a WHT laser beacon preparatory study is taking place. This is a collaboration between Imperial College, Durham University, UKATC and ING and is funded by PPARC. 

It involves the firing of a low power test laser from an ING facility on the ORM site to create a laser beacon at an altitude of around 80km to measure the time variation of the altitude and abundance of the mesosphere sodium abundance.   The beacon is then detected by ING telescopes.  The first test firing was a success the beacon was successfully created and imaged by the JKT.  Follow up tests are scheduled to determine seasonal variation.

The outcome of the project will be the production of a report with a full scientific cost/benefit analysis for a full laser beacon upgrade to NAOMI.