The Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes (ING) consists of the 4.2-m William Herschel Telescope (WHT), the 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope (INT), and the 1.0-m Jacobus Kapteyn Telescope (JKT), operating on the island of La Palma in the Canary Islands, Spain. The INT and JKT began scheduled use by the astronomical community in May 1984 and the WHT in August 1987. 

The Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes is operated on behalf of the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC) and the Nederlanse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO). The PPARC and the NWO have entered into collaborative agreements for the operation of and the sharing of observing time on the ING telescopes. 

The ING Board has been set up to oversee the operation of this agreement, to foster and develop collaboration between the astronomers of the UK and the Netherlands, and to ensure that the telescope installations are maintained in the forefront of world astronomy. In particular the ING Board oversees the programme of operation, maintenance, and development of the installations, approves annual budgets, and forward estimates and determines the arrangements for the allocation of observing time. 

ING Mission Statement

• To deliver an effective telescope operation and a coherent development programme. 
• To facilitate the execution of world-class astronomical research by ING users. 
• To establish the ING telescopes as the best of their class in the world, and maintain their international competitiveness. 
• To pursue the execution of top quality astronomical research. 

The Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos 

The location of this observatory was chosen after an intensive search for a site with all-year round clear, dark skies. All tests proved that the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos is one of the best astronomical sites in the world. The remoteness of the island and its lack of urban development ensure that the night sky at the observatory is free from artificial light pollution. The continued quality of the night sky is ensured by the 'Ley de Proteccion del Cielo'. 

The observatory on La Palma, and its sister observatory at Mount Teide on Tenerife, are the responsibility of the host institution, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. The Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos was established under a series of international agreements in 1979, and inaugurated in 1985. An inauguration ceremony took place in 1996, for the more recent additions to the facilities. (Pictures: 1985 inauguration, 1985 inauguration, 1996 inauguration, 1996 inauguration, the flags of the cosmos 

The telescopes at the observatory include the following: 

• The Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes;

 
• The 4.2-m William Herschel Telescope;

Pictures: WHT dome, building cutaway, telescope, telescope schematic, mirror cell, mirror, cass instrument cluster, control room. 
 
• The 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope;

Pictures: INT dome, telescope 
 
• The 1.0-m Jacobus Kapteyn Telescope;

Pictures: JKT dome, telescope 
 
• The 3.6-m Italian Galileo National Telescope;

Pictures TNG dome, telescope 
 
• The 2.5-m Nordic Optical Telescope;

Pictures: NOT dome 
 
• The Carlsberg Automatic Meridian Circle;

Pictures: CAMC telescope 
 
• The HEGRA gamma-ray facility;

Pictures: HEGRA 
 
• The Swedish solar tower;

Pictures: Solar tower 
 
• The Dutch open telescope;

Pictures: Dutch open telescope 
  

The ING sea-level base in Santa Cruz

In addition to offices for staff, the sea-level base provides accomodation, library and computing facilities for visiting observers. Visiting observers are encouraged to spend some time at sea-level, for pre-observation planning and/or post-observation data reduction. This should be particularly valuable as a way of improving contacts between the observatory and the user community. 

ING facilities at the observatory

An extensive range of support services are provided by ING, both for ING telescopes and for the other telescopes at the observatory. These include the following: 

• Three emergency generators, each rated at 300 kVA, capable of supporting all Isaac Newton Group operations in event of a mains failure (Picture). 

 
• A nitrogen plant, capable of producing 12 litres/hour of liquid nitrogen for cryogenic cooling of detectors. This currently services all the telescopes at the observatory (Picture). 

 
• A vacuum coating plant capable of evaporating a thin aluminium film onto the William Herschel Telescope 4.2-metre mirror. This currently services all the telescopes at the observatory (Picture). 

 
• A transport fleet and associated maintenance facilities; 

 
• Mechanical, electronics, optics and detector laboratories. 

 
• General computing facilities. 

 
• A library supporting the needs of visiting astronomers and staff.